Classification of tools

Low cost tool

High quality tool
TendonCARE-Bio838
(For musculoskeletal solution)

Frequency

Variance due to poor electrical control
and simple electronic tracing range
of resonance

Expensive component of pulse
generator in driving board and
complex electronic control.
Manual fine turning for very
critical point of resonance

Ultrasound propagation

Superficial

Deep up to 5cm or above

Intensity

May out of therapeutic range and attenuation

Limited within therapeutic range

Heat generation of horn

Horn self-heating due to over drive of
crystal in control, thermal effect
caused more serious inflammation

Apply pulsed shockwave technology,
non-thermal effect for
best biological effects

Intensity (SATA)
Averaged intensity over ultrasound
field during pulsed repetition period

Provides only electrical output power

Apply effective ultrasound power
Average output of pause and working

Intensity adjustment

Constant power programed with time pause
by mean of average of duty cycle

Programed variance of power
intensity with output consistency

Low
unstable cavitation
time long for large bubble size grow
up caused cell damage

High
stable cavitation
suppressed with very short cycle duration
that limited bubble size in micro

Produces toxic free radicals in the
tissue due to shock wave with high
local temperature

Improves blood flow of capillary;
Beneficial to soft tissue healing
and helps protein production

Acoustic steaming
(localized liquid flow around
the vibrating bubbles)

Bulk steaming
(far less mechanically powerful)
(A movement of fluid)
Distortion of cell membrane and influencing
ion fluxes and intracellular activity

Micro streaming
(Form eddies of flow)
Can only alter cell membrane permeability
and stimulate the cell activity

LIPUS therapeutic effects

No or out of biological effects

Yes, under specification of
medical research

Result of application

Caused cell membrane damage due
to unstable cavitation
(without felt pain during treatment)
or prolonged healing period

Speedup healing time
Speedup protein synthesis

Medical Research from LIPUS application

Confocal laser scanning
microscope images (I)

Green (living cells)
Red (dead cells)

After 14 days of LIPUS stimulation,
B) abundant elongated chondrocytes
around injured sites were observed
whereas the control group
A) showed few chondrocytes migration

Confocal laser scanning
microscope images (II)

Green (living cells)
Red (dead cells)

Images of area covered by chondrocyte migration in a monolayer culture
plate.

With 2 mm cell scrapper, the scratched area was almost fully covered by chondrocyte migration for 2 days

Bone fracture healing with LIPUS application

Histological findings at 3 days after surgery with bone allograft (proliferating
cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemical staining) and at 5 days after surgery
with bone allograft (Hematoxylin & Eosin [H&E] staining)